The brain is a complex organ that controls many body functions, including receiving and interpreting sensory information from the nervous system. Here is some information about the brain’s anatomy and physiology:
- Brain parts
The brain comprises of three main parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres. The cerebellum is located at the back of the head and is responsible for balance, posture, and motor coordination. The brainstem connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord.
- Brain layers
The cerebrum has an outer layer of Gray matter called the cerebral cortex and an inner layer of white matter. The cerebral cortex has four lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.
- Brain coverings
The brain is protected by three layers of protective covering called the meninges.
- Blood-brain barrier
The brain has a blood-brain barrier that prevents fluids from leaking in or out of the brain’s smallest blood vessels.
- Brain venous circulation
The brain’s venous circulation is different from the rest of the body. The brain’s major veins form venous sinuses that collect blood and pass it to the internal jugular veins.
- Brain size
The brain of a man weighs about 1336 grams, while a woman’s brain weighs about 1198 grams. However, this difference in weight does not affect intelligence or function.
- Brain evolution
Primates have larger brains in proportion to their body size than other mammals. The human brain has an average encephalization quotient (EQ) of 7–8, while most other primates have an EQ of 2–3.
The encephalization quotient (EQ) is a ratio that compares the mass of an animal’s brain to its body mass to determine if its brain is larger, smaller, or equal to what’s expected for its size. It’s used in comparative neuroanatomy to assess brain development and complexity in different species, including reptiles. EQ is calculated by dividing the brain’s mass by the body’s mass. An EQ of greater than 1 indicates a larger brain than expected, an EQ of 1 indicates an equal brain, and an EQ of less than 1 indicates a smaller brain.
EQ is often used in conjunction with the cerebellar quotient (CQ), which measures the relative development of the cerebellum. EQ is also used as an index of cognitive ability in comparative analyses between species. For example, some assume that animals with larger brains relative to their body size are more intelligent than those with smaller brains.
The evolution of larger brain size could entail delayed maturity to meet the needs of growing a brain. Likewise, it could bring about certain benefits, such as decreased mortality or increased reproductive rate among adults. Any organism could reap these benefits, provided they outweigh the developmental costs.
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People with high EQ tend to have better mental health, stronger relationships, and a higher quality of life. Conversely, high-IQ individuals often have the technical skills to drive innovation and solve complex problems.
IQ stands for intelligence quotient, and it’s a measure of a person’s reasoning ability. An IQ test is a structured assessment that measures how well someone can use logic and information to answer questions or make predictions.
| How it’s calculated | IQ is calculated by dividing a person’s mental age by their chronological age, and then multiplying by 100. |
| Average score | The average IQ score is between 85 and 115. |
| Uses | IQ scores are used to assess intellectual ability, evaluate job applicants, and for educational placement. |
| Who administers IQ tests? | Licensed psychologists administer IQ tests. |
| Common IQ tests | Some common IQ tests include the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children. |
One can easily get his or her IQ test done by online consultation by a certified psychologist. Psychologists are the best tool to evaluate your IQ score and recommend areas of improvement.
The difference between a psychologist and psychiatrist should be well understood.
The main difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist is that a psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can prescribe medication, while a psychologist is not a medical doctor and cannot prescribe medication. Various forms of therapies are also available like yog nidra, music therapy, NLP and others. One should carefully choose among these for optimized health results. Myself have chosen yoga as a therapy for maintaining my mental well-being. As a certified yoga Instructor, I have tailored my own sadhana to reap benefits from mother nature. Researches have shown that what we eat also affects our brain functioning. The brain being the command centre needs to be kept healthy for the correct functioning.